What is required for a lawful arrest, aside from probable cause?

For a lawful arrest, the requirement of a warrant plays a crucial role, particularly under normal circumstances outlined in the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. Law enforcement officers typically need to obtain a warrant, which is a judicial order authorizing the arrest, based on a supported affidavit of probable cause. This warrant requirement serves as a check on the power of the police, ensuring that arrests are made with sufficient legal justification.

However, there are exceptions to the warrant requirement, such as exigent circumstances (emergencies) where police believe a crime is occurring or evidence is about to be destroyed. In such situations, officers are permitted to make an arrest without a prior warrant if they have probable cause. Thus, while probable cause is essential, the necessity of a warrant (unless in emergencies) is a critical aspect of ensuring that an arrest is lawful and follows proper legal protocol.

The other options present requirements that are not standard legal necessities for lawful arrests, such as the need for complete surveillance footage, corroborating witness testimony, or personal guarantees from the prosecution. These requirements do not usually apply in determining the legality of an arrest.